ABSTRACT
Visual fixation is an item in the visual function subscale of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). Sometimes clinicians using the behavioral scales find it difficult to detect because of the motor impairment in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOCs). Brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to improve clinical assessment because it directly detects the brain response to an external stimulus in the absence of behavioral expression. In this study, we designed a BCI system to assist the visual fixation assessment of DOC patients. The results from 15 patients indicated that three showed visual fixation in both CRS-R and BCI assessments and one did not show such behavior in the CRS-R assessment but achieved significant online accuracy in the BCI assessment. The results revealed that electroencephalography-based BCI can detect the brain response for visual fixation. Therefore, the proposed BCI may provide a promising method for assisting behavioral assessment using the CRS-R.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain , Brain-Computer Interfaces , Consciousness Disorders , Diagnosis , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Methods , Electroencephalography , Methods , Evoked Potentials , Fixation, Ocular , Physiology , Neurologic Examination , Pilot Projects , Severity of Illness Index , User-Computer InterfaceABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) in a mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation and explore its role in lung inflammation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a mouse model of lung inflammation established by ozone exposure, the expression of TRPC1 in the inflammatory lung tissues was detected by RT-PCR, Wstern blotting and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the control mice, the mice exposed to ozone showed significantly increased expression level of TRPC1 mRNA and protein in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed increased TRPC1 protein expressions in the alveolar epithelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPC1 were positively correlated with the counts of white blood cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the exposed mice (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TRPC1 may play a role in ozone-induced lung inflammation in mice.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression , Inflammation , Pathology , Lung , Metabolism , Pathology , Ozone , Pneumonia , Metabolism , Pathology , RNA, Messenger , TRPC Cation Channels , MetabolismABSTRACT
A retrospective review of 47 patients underwent closed mitral commissurotomy(CMC) was conducted. It was revealed that the post-operative color echocardiography indices (MVA ,MVG,CO) were significantly improved compared with those of pre-operation (P8 had NYHA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 5 years(P